See the code point behind every character, and decode escapes back to text.
Every character in Unicode has a number called a code point. This tool writes those numbers in the formats developers use: U+0041, JavaScript style backslash u sequences (with surrogate pairs for characters above U+FFFF), HTML hexadecimal and decimal entities and CSS escapes.
Switch to the decode direction to turn those sequences back into text. The keep printable ASCII option leaves normal letters alone, so only special characters are escaped.
The number Unicode assigns to a character, written as U+ followed by hex digits. Letter A is U+0041 and the grinning face emoji is U+1F600.
JavaScript strings use 16-bit units, so characters above U+FFFF are stored as a surrogate pair of two escapes.
Code points are the abstract numbers. UTF-8 is one way to store them as bytes. See the UTF-8 tool for bytes.